Under Nazi Rule

After the National Socialists came to power in 1933, the situation for Roma and Sinti became more and more difficult and soon very dangerous. Under the Nuremberg Laws, which were originally introduced as an anti-Semitic regulation, all aspects of life and society began to be rigorously reorganised according to pseudo-scientific racial tests. These racist regulations were soon also applied to Roma and Sinti.

A poster created to illustrate the provisions of the Nuremberg Race Laws, probably for display in public offi ces after 1935.

C1. Racist Ideology

© German Federal Archives, Koblenz, Germany.

The “racial hygienist” Robert Ritter (right) and one of his assistants taking a blood sample from a young German Sintiza. The photograph was taken in 1936 as a record of their research work.

C2. "Racial Science"

© German Federal Archives, Koblenz, Germany.

A fi le card for Karl Stojka created under the name Karl Rigo by employees of the “race researcher” Robert Ritter in 1940.

C3. "Crime Prevention"

© German Federal Archives, Berlin Lichterfelde, Germany.

A German Sinti family in Blickendorf Camp in Cologne on 12 December 1937.

C4. Municipal Camps

© German Federal Archives, Koblenz, Germany

Auszug eines Gesetzblattes vom 25. Juli 1933

© Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek ALEX

Offi cial photograph of Johann Wilhelm Trollmann taken by Hans Firzlaff in 1928.

© Documentation Centre of German Sinti and Roma, Heidelberg, Germany.

Military ID photograph in the possession of the family.

© Documentation Centre of German Sinti and Roma, Heidelberg, Germany.

“Register of the fi xed and movable property of the Gypsies transported from Halbturn to Lackenbach”, 2.7.1942

C8. Expropriated

© Halbturn Municipal Archives, Austria.

A list of Roma deported from Spitzzicken/Hrvatski Cikljin in Burgenland, Austria.

C9. Labour Camps

© Private collection of Gerhard Baumgartner, Vienna, Austria.

Photograph of a Viennese policeman guarding Roma families deported to Lackenbach Camp taken on 23 November 1940, the day the camp opened.

C10. "Gypsy" Camp

© Private collection of Leopold Banny, Lackenbach, Austria.

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